Intellectual Capital, Digital Banking, and Indonesian Banking Performance: The Moderating Role of ESG (Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Bangsa)

Summary

• The study evaluated secondary data collected from 39 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, comprising 195 observation data points for the 2020–2024 period.p.8
• The descriptive analysis showed that the Return on Assets (ROA) of the sampled banks averaged 2.34, with values ranging between 0.02 and 14.75.p.8
• Intellectual Capital recorded an average value of 188.65 across the sample, spanning from a minimum of 46.70 to a maximum of 751.43.p.8
• Digital Banking registered a mean score of 212.58, with a minimum of 11.55 and a maximum of 969.99.p.8
• The multiple regression model yielded a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.141, indicating that Intellectual Capital, Digital Banking, and ESG explain 14.1% of performance variance.p.9
• Intellectual Capital demonstrated a positive and statistically significant impact on bank performance with a significance level below 0.001.p.9

Key insights

1. Intellectual Capital exerts a positive and statistically significant direct effect on the financial performance of listed Indonesian banking companies.p.1
2. Digital Banking transformation significantly enhances corporate performance by improving operational efficiency and service execution.p.1
3. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance does not moderate the relationship between Intellectual Capital and company performance.p.1
4. ESG implementation fails to act as a moderating variable between Digital Banking adoption and bank profitability.p.1
5. Human Capital Efficiency represents the specific component of Intellectual Capital that contributes most significantly to bank value creation in Indonesia.p.3
6. Data transformation using Natural Logarithm increased the normality test significance from 0.001 to 0.200.p.9
7. The regression model achieved a Durbin-Watson statistic of 1.729, establishing the absence of autocorrelation.p.9