Eurosystem

Central bank · 3 documents

Key number

100

Normalized historical baseline mean of the GPR index. European Central Bank p.11

Key number

9% %

Net tightening of corporate credit standards. European Central Bank p.3

Key number

$25 trillion USD

OECD monetary base peak. Eurofi p.8

The effects of geopolitical risk on sovereign debt holders in the euro area

Research paperEuropean Central BankOctober 202666 pages

The Securities Holdings Statistics by Sector (SHSS) dataset provides granular coverage generally above well 90 percent for each euro area country analyzed.

The Euro Area Bank Lending Survey - Third Quarter of 2026

SurveyEuropean Central BankOctober 202637 pages

Euro area banks reported a net tightening of credit standards for loans or credit lines to firms of 9% in the third quarter of 2026, up from 7% in the second quarter.

Monetary Scoreboard Dublin

ReportEurofiSeptember 202676 pages

The aggregate monetary base of OECD countries increased from $2.5 trillion in 2000 to a peak of $25 trillion in March 2022.